The pitcher is one of the most important defensive positions in baseball. The pitcher starts each play and has great control over the game's tempo and strategy. They must use an arsenal of pitches and mechanics to get batters out. Here is an overview of what pitchers do and their key responsibilities on the field.
Deliver Pitches
The primary role of the pitcher is to throw the baseball towards home plate to start each play. The pitcher attempts to get the batter out through a variety of pitches like:
- Fastballs
- Curveballs
- Sliders
- Changeups
- Knuckleballs
Pitchers use different grips, arm angles, and snap of the wrist to make the baseball move in ways that confuse batters. Locating pitches out of the strike zone or with movement induces weak contact and swings and misses.
Face Batters
The pitcher must square off against a succession of batters each inning and get them out. Facing feared hitters with men on base requires mental toughness and composure under pressure. Pitchers use knowledge of batter tendencies and psychology to set up sequences to get outs.
Most pitchers have a repertoire of 2-4 pitch types they command. By mixing and locating these pitches strategically, they keep the batter off balance and disguise their intentions from pitch to pitch.
Record Outs
To win games, pitchers must constantly record outs and prevent the opponent from scoring runs. They aim to strike out batters, induce weak contact for defenders to field, and limit walks, extra base hits, and home runs. A pitcher's ability to limit base runners and minimize damage on the scoreboard is crucial.
To accumulate outs, pitchers will also attempt to induce the batter to hit into double plays. They may intentionally walk dangerous power hitters to set up force outs around the diamond.
Attack the Strike Zone
Working ahead in the count requires commanding the strike zone. Pitchers must hit the catcher's mitt inside the zone to get ahead and put batters on the defensive. By getting strike one, the pitcher gains control and more options.
Some pitchers attack with velocity blowing fastballs by hitters. Others use precise location and late movement to keep batters guessing. Varying looks, speeds, and location keeps hitters off balance.
Control the Running Game
With men on base, the pitcher must contain the running game by limiting stolen bases. Pitchers focus on quick deliveries home and pickoff moves to keep runners honest. Controlling the running game prevents rallies from advancing.
The pitcher and catcher work together on pitchouts, throws to bases, and varying looks to disrupt runners. Keeping men stranded on the bases stops runs from scoring.
Field Their Position
Pitchers are part of the team defense and must field batted balls back to them. On balls put in play, pitchers move into proper fielding position to defend.
They cover first base for grounders on the right side and back up home plate on wild pitches and passed balls. Being an active defender backing up teammates is an important role.
Mound Presence and Leadership
As the center of action each play, the pitcher must exhibit leadership on the field. With all eyes on the pitcher, they set the team's intensity level and focus.
Pitchers are expected to pitch with rhythm, emotion, and energy to motivate teammates. They also build morale by limiting big innings and keeping the game within reach.
Protect Team Strategy
Pitchers help protect the team's signs and strategy from opponents. They disguise pitch signals from second base runners attempting to steal signs and locations.
Pitchers also ensure opposing first base coaches cannot see signs from the catcher. Shielding team strategy is a subtle but vital role.
Types of Pitchers
There are two main types of pitchers on a staff based on their role:
Starting Pitchers
Starting pitchers begin the game on the mound and pitch 5-9 innings. They pace themselves to pitch deep into games. The goal is keeping their team ahead into the late innings before handing off to relief pitchers.
Relief Pitchers
Relief pitchers enter in the middle to late innings to finish off games and opponents. This includes middle relievers to bridge gaps, left handed specialists, setup men, and closers who pitch the 9th innings of tight games.
Specialist Roles
Beyond starters and relievers, some pitchers fill unique specialist roles:
- Spot Starters - Fill in gaps in the rotation when regular starters cannot pitch
- Long Relievers - Eat up multiple relief innings if the starter pitches ineffectively
- LOOGYs - Left handed One Out Guys brought in to face dangerous lefty batters
- Set-Up Man - Top reliever who pitches the 8th inning to get the game to the closer
- Closer - Reliever who finishes off save opportunities by pitching the 9th inning
How Pitchers Influence Games
Pitchers greatly influence each game in the following ways:
- Limiting runs via strikeouts, weak contact, double plays
- Controlling pace, tempo, and momentum
- Fielding their position as part of the defense
- Containing the running game to prevent stolen bases and advancing runners
- Providing leadership and setting team energy level
- Going deep into games to prevent high pitch counts for the bullpen
A pitcher skilled at executing these responsibilities gives their team the best chance to win close ball games and succeed over a long season.
Key Statistics for Pitchers
Key statistics used to evaluate a pitcher's performance include:
- ERA - Earned Run Average based on runs allowed
- WHIP - Walks and Hits per Innings Pitched ratio
- K/BB Rate - Strikeout to Walk ratio
- Batting AVG Against - Opponent's batting average when facing pitcher
- Saves/Save Percentage - Saves converted over total chances (for closers)
- Innings Pitched - Used to track durability and endurance
By excelling at their diverse responsibilities and mastering the craft of pitching, hurlers develop into true "aces" and leaders on successful baseball teams.
Notable Pitchers and Their Contributions to the Sport
Throughout the history of baseball, there have been numerous pitchers who have left an indelible mark on the sport. One such legend is Cy Young, known for his dominance and longevity. Another iconic pitcher is Nolan Ryan, renowned for his blazing fastballs and unparalleled power on the mound. Greg Maddux, on the other hand, stood out with his exceptional command and ability to control the game.
In the modern era, several pitchers continue to make headlines and shape the game. Clayton Kershaw has distinguished himself with his devastating curveball, which has baffled hitters for years. Max Scherzer's intensity and fierce competitiveness have made him one of the most feared pitchers. Jacob deGrom showcases a combination of velocity and pinpoint control that keeps his opponents guessing.
Evolving Trends in Pitching
Advancement in technology has significantly influenced the way pitchers approach the game. Pitching analytics and data tracking have become invaluable tools for players and coaches. The use of biometrics and biomechanical analysis has helped pitchers understand and enhance their mechanics while minimizing the risk of injuries.
Another trend in pitching is the rise of specialized bullpen roles. Setup men and closers are entrusted with securing leads in the late stages of games. Meanwhile, multi-inning relievers and firemen play pivotal roles in helping control the flow of a game, providing teams with versatility and strategic advantages.
Pitching is an art that requires a combination of physical skills, mental fortitude, and strategic acumen. Understanding the role and responsibilities of a pitcher, along with the importance of technique, control, and game management, is essential for aspiring and seasoned pitchers alike.
By studying the contributions of pitching legends and keeping up with evolving trends, aspiring pitchers can gain valuable insights to elevate their game. The sport continues to change, with technology playing a crucial role in analyzing performances and preventing injuries. Embracing these advancements can help pitchers excel and contribute to the rich history of baseball.
Whether you're an avid fan or an aspiring pitcher, the position of pitcher in baseball remains vital and awe-inspiring. It is an essential element in the game that continues to captivate audiences and push the boundaries of human performance.